Ink Synthesis and Screen-Printing of Graphene Oxide Ink for Paper Based Electrochemical Sensors.

There has been a growing interest in making high performance electrode materials from graphene oxide (GO) to be used in electrochemical sensors, which has since gained popularity due to the excellent analytical performance, low-cost and simple properties linked to the devices. Herein, a method for fabricating highly conductive GO and GO@g-C3N4based ink to be used for screen printing electrochemical sensors. The physical properties of graphene oxide and GO@g-C3N4 were characterized by different measurements. Methods: Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman analysis, and GO was prepared using the modified Hummers' method. Furthermore, the viscosity, conductivity and surface tension of the printable GO and GO@g-C3N4 based ink were studied. Disposable screen-printed electrode electrochemical sensors were developed from GO-based inks for detecting heavy metals in effluent wastewater. Therefore it is expected that the GO-based inks will increase the sensitivity and selectivity of the electrode sensors.