Chitosan Nanoparticles with Immobilized Glucose Oxidase As Efficient Antimicrobial Agents

We have developed three immobilizations of glucose oxidase (GOx) on chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP), and investigated their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus. CSNP were synthesized via ionotropic gelation, and GOx was immobilized on CSNP via three different approaches such as covalent attachment (CA), enzyme crosslinking (EC) and enzyme precipitation crosslinking (EPC). The activities of CA, EC and EPC were 8.72, 17.69, and 218.97 Unit/mg CSNP, respectively. According to the turbidity assay, we observed 90% growth inhibition in the presence of EPC when compared to the control with no enzyme added. Furthermore, EPC was the most effective in disintegrating the biofilm network of Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in more than 80% reduction in biofilm biomass. EPC on CSNP has shown a great potential in preventing microbial growth and disintegrating biofilms, which can find its applications in preventing microbial infections in medical implants and wound dressing materials.