Enzyme-Based Conjugates for Use in Antibacterial Coating of Titanium Alloy Implants

Titanium is a commonly used material for surgical implants due to its biocompatibility. However, after implantation, bacteria growth on its surface can lead to implant rejection and patient-associated complications. Development of a biocompatible, antibacterial coating could reduce biofouling and improve implant viability. Our research focuses on preparing enzyme-based conjugates to be used for antibacterial coatings. To understand and evaluate the effectiveness of such coatings, we used the model enzyme Soybean Peroxidase (SBP) and nanosupports.  The nanosupports were selected to have different geometries (determined by scanning electron microscopy) that could ensure maximum loading of the enzyme. Conjugates were prepared by physical and covalent binding. The amount of SBP and the activity of the conjugates were quantified via colorimetric assays, and conjugate activity was reported to the specific activity of free SBP. Stability and activity were tested over seven days to observe the effectiveness and efficiency of the conjugates. This study provides the stepping-stone for the development of a functional platform with high biocompatibility and reduced biofouling.