Reduction of Flowing Particles for Efficient Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production

Overall system efficiency for solar thermochemical hydrogen production is critically important. Here, an analysis of different reduction methods is examined using cerium oxide as a well-studied example material. These calculations include gas heating recuperation and thermodynamic separation work requirements, as well as a discussion of the relative sensitivity of each of these factors. The efficiency calculation uses thermodynamic equilibrium states of the active material to determine the reactivity and production capacity. Calculations are performed for flowing particles through a two-step solid oxide reduction and oxidation cycle. Spray dried particles for use in such a process were synthesized and characterized.