Bi-Velocity Hydrodynamics

This talk presents experimental and theoretical evidence that ordinary viscous fluid mechanics requires the use of two velocities, rather than one, in order to properly describe mass, momentum, and energy transport processes in continua. In addition to the usual velocity representing a flux of mass, the second velocity represents a flux of volume. The difference between the two constitutes a diffuse flux of volume arising from molecular motion. This independent flux is addition to the usual diffuse fluxes of momentum (Newton) and heat (Fourier). This presentation updates a recent publication: H. Brenner, Bi-velocity hydrodynamics, Physica A 388, 3391-3398 (2009).