Tuesday, November 6, 2007 - 3:30 PM
278a

Forisome: A Smart Plant Protein

Steve Warmann, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Washingtonn University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, # 1185, St. Louis, MO 63130, Amy Shen, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1185, 1 Brookings Drive, St.Louis, MO 63130, and William Pickard, Electrical Engineering, Washingtonn University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, # 1185, St. Louis, MO 63130.

With the discovery of the plant protein forisome, a novel, smart non-living, ATP-independent biological material became available to the designer of smart materials for advanced actuating and sensing. Forisomes are unique contractile protein bodies that function as cellular stopcocks in sieve tubes of the Fabaceae. They can block individual sieve elements by undergoing reversible conversions between a low-volume, spindle-shaped, crystalloid conformation and a high volume, spheroidal, disordered conformation; this conversion is accompanied by longitudinal shortening and radial expansion. The in vitro studies show that forisomes (1-3 micron wide and 10-30 micron long) can be repeatedly stimulated to contract and expand anisotropically by shifting either the ambient pH or the ambient calcium ion concentration. Possible applications of forisomes include micro-valves, micro-actuators, and other smart sensing activities where one may currently see materials such as synthetic hydrogels or shape memory alloys. In this talk, we will present some current forisome studies on conformational kinetics of forisomes and viscoelasticity of the forisomes.