Moniraj Ghosh, Christina Alves, Ziqiu Tong, Kwadwo Tettey, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, and Kathleen J. Stebe. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Rm#221, Maryland Hall, Chembe, Baltimore, MD 21218
Patterned surfaces presenting one or two functionalities are widely used in studies ranging from patterned electrodeposition of materials to the studies of cell adhesion. These surfaces are often made using microcontact printing followed by backfilling, allowing the creation of functionalized regions of submicron dimensions. Here, we generalize this technique to allow the creation of multifunctional surfaces using a novel combination of microcontact printing, backfilling and microfluidics to present multiple functionalities (antibodies, proteins) and lengthscales (sub-micron and above) over areas of large extent. First, microcontact printing is used to place an active species in desired locations of the surface. The open regions are passivated by backfilling with a blocking agent, e.g. PEG via suitable surface linkers. This substrate is then used as a lid to a microfluidics device to form several channels. Species of interest are pumped through the channels to adsorb on to the active regions creating patches of desired functionalities. The feature size on the printing stamp determines the size (i.e. resolution) of the printed species. The width and the geometry of the microfluidics channels determine the number of patches presenting a particular functionality, the nature of which is guided by suitable surface chemistry. We have utilized this technology to sort LS174T colon carcinoma cells from a mixture of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) by immobilizing antibodies specific for each cell type (anti-CD44v for LS174T and anti-PSGL-1 for PMNs) in a spatially controlled manner surrounded by PEGylated inert patches. We have adopted this technology to study the binding kinetics of colon carcinoma cells and PMNs to purified P-selectin in various spatial configurations by manipulating the length scale and separation distance between functionalized sites as well as the receptor density within the active region. Integrating micropatterning techniques with flow-based cell adhesion assays may be instrumental for developing novel biosensor assays for detecting malignant cells circulating in the vasculature.