Wednesday, November 7, 2007 - 2:10 PM
396e

Design Considerations for Dynamic Field Gradient Focusing

Jeffrey M. Burke and Cornelius F. Ivory. Chemical Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163

Dynamic Field Gradient Focusing (DFGF) is an equilibrium gradient method that utilizes an electric field gradient to simultaneously separate and concentrate charged analytes Unlike isoelectric focusing which separates proteins in the presence of a pH gradient, DFGF does not require that the analytes be amphoteric, only that they have differences in their individual electrophoretic mobilites. The electric field gradient is generated by a computer-controlled electrode array that allows for dynamic control and manipulation of the field profile during the course of an experiment to increase peak resolution, migrate analytes to off-take ports or to systematically elute individual species. Over the past few years interest in focusing methods, such as DFGF, has soared. However, wide acceptance of these techniques has been slow. This is due in most part to several bottlenecks that have led to lower than expected resolution and peak capacity. Issues which cause distortions in the electric field profile or lead to smaller than anticipated fields are of specific interest because they can have the greatest impact on the separation performance of DFGF. Experimental results of peak profiles suggest a sudden loss of peak resolution during elution. Corresponding electric field measurements indicate that changes in the field profile near the cathodic end of the separation channel could be responsible. This paper discusses these problems and then uses Comsol Multiphysics simulations and experimental validation to show how the DFGF system can be redesigned to eliminate field distortions that lead to decreases in system performance.